They are simply constructed and were traditionally homemade. A paillasse or a featherbed is a tick mattress, as are most futons. Types Tick mattress Ī tick mattress is a bag made of ticking (a type of cloth), filled with some suitable material. Some mattress toppers are machine-washable covers and fillings are made from a range of materials. Like a mattress protector/mattress pad/mattress cover (a thin, generally unpadded layer not designed to improve comfort), mattress toppers can be used to protect the mattress from the sleeper or vice-versa. They are used to extend the life of the more-expensive boxspring, make a bed warmer or cooler (with airflow, or heat-conductive materials), make a firm bed softer, and for travel and dorms, as they are portable, especially if they are low-density. But "mattress topper"s are usually sold for use on top of boxsprings (secured with straps or elasticated cloth corners ). Stand-alone mattresses of this size exist (see futon and Bed base#Floor beds traditional European beds were made of a stack of mattresses of this size). The upholstery layer consists of three parts: the insulator, the middle upholstery, and the quilt.Ī mattress topper is a thin mattress, usually 5–10 centimetres (2–4 in) thick. Upholstery layers cover the mattress and provide cushioning and comfort. Construction Ī conventional mattress consists of two primary sections – a core or "support layer" and the upholstery or "comfort layer" – wrapped in a thick fabric called the ticking. These make up a much larger proportion of the mattresses sold in the continent. In Europe, polyurethane foam cores and latex cores have long been popular. In North America, the typical mattress sold today is an innerspring however, there is increasing interest in all-foam beds and hybrid beds, which include both an innerspring and high-end foams such as viscoelastic or latex in the comfort layers. In 1899 James Marshall introduced the first individually wrapped pocketed spring coil mattress now commonly known as Marshall coils. Other fill components include insulator pads over the coils that prevent the bed's upholstery layers from cupping down into the innerspring, as well as polyester fiberfill in the bed's top upholstery layers. Modern mattresses usually contain either an inner spring core or materials such as latex, viscoelastic or other flexible polyurethane foams. In the first half of the 20th century, a typical mattress sold in North America had an innerspring core and cotton batting or fiberfill. Įarly mattresses contained a variety of natural materials including straw, feathers or horse hair. The oldest known mattress dates to around 77,000 years ago. During the Crusades, Europeans adopted the Arabic method of sleeping on cushions on the floor, and the word materas eventually descended into Middle English through the Romance languages. The word mattress derives from the Arabic مَطْرَحٌ ( maṭraḥ) which means "something thrown down" or "place where something is thrown down" and hence "mat, cushion". Photo on a 1940 USDA circular promoting home production of cotton mattresses Kapok is a common mattress material in Southeast Asia, and coir in South Asia.
Mattresses may also be filled with air or water, or a variety of natural fibers, such as in futons. They may be supplied with a secondary mattress or a removable "topper". Divans have at least one innerspring layer as well as cushioning materials. Popular in Europe, a divan incorporates both mattress and foundation in a single upholstered, footed unit. Mattresses are usually placed on top of a bed base which may be solid, as in the case of a platform bed, or elastic, such as an upholstered wood and wire box spring or a slatted foundation.
Mattresses may also be filled with air or water. Mattresses may consist of a quilted or similarly fastened case, usually of heavy cloth, containing materials such as hair, straw, cotton, foam rubber, or a framework of metal springs. It is designed to be used as a bed, or on a bed frame as part of a bed. Two-sided, innerspring pillow-top mattress on box-spring foundation with a woven damask cover.Ī mattress is a large, usually rectangular pad for supporting a lying person.
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